Thursday, March 21, 2024

Is Doxycycline Monohydrate An Antibiotic

What Other Information Should I Know

Doxycycline Monohydrate

Keep all appointments with your doctor and laboratory. Your doctor will want to check your response to doxycycline.

Before having any laboratory test, tell your doctor and the laboratory personnel that you are taking doxycycline.

Do not let anyone else take your medication. Your prescription is probably not refillable. If you still have symptoms of infection after you finish the doxycycline, call your doctor.

It is important for you to keep a written list of all of the prescription and nonprescription medicines you are taking, as well as any products such as vitamins, minerals, or other dietary supplements. You should bring this list with you each time you visit a doctor or if you are admitted to a hospital. It is also important information to carry with you in case of emergencies.

Are There Any Risk Factors For This Medication

Doxycycline should not be used in pets that are allergic to it. It should not be used in pets during the first half of pregnancy and should be used with significant caution in the last half of pregnancy. It should be used with caution in pets with significant liver disease or in young pets that are still developing bones and teeth. Because this medication is excreted in milk, it should not be used in nursing animals.

Can I Take Doxycycline If Im Pregnant Or Breastfeeding

Taking this medicine during pregnancy may affect tooth and bone development in the unborn baby. Taking doxycycline during the last half of pregnancy can cause permanent tooth discoloration later in the baby’s life. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or if you become pregnant.

Doxycycline can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy.

Doxycycline can pass into breast milk and may affect bone and tooth development in a nursing infant. Do not breastfeed while you are taking doxycycline.

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What Should I Discuss With My Healthcare Provider Before Taking Doxycycline

You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to doxycycline or other tetracycline antibiotics such as demeclocycline, minocycline, tetracycline, or tigecycline.

Tell your doctor if you have ever had:

  • liver disease
  • increased pressure inside your skull or
  • if you also take isotretinoin, seizure medicine, or a blood thinner such as warfarin .

If you are using doxycycline to treat gonorrhea, your doctor may test you to make sure you do not also have syphilis, another sexually transmitted disease.

Taking this medicine during pregnancy may affect tooth and bone development in the unborn baby. Taking doxycycline during the last half of pregnancy can cause permanent tooth discoloration later in the baby’s life. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or if you become pregnant.

Doxycycline can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy.

Doxycycline can pass into breast milk and may affect bone and tooth development in a nursing infant. Do not breastfeed while you are taking doxycycline.

Doxycycline can cause permanent yellowing or graying of the teeth in children younger than 8 years old. Children should use doxycycline only in cases of severe or life-threatening conditions such as anthrax or Rocky Mountain spotted fever. The benefit of treating a serious condition may outweigh any risks to the child’s tooth development.

Is Doxycycline Hyclate Or Doxycycline Monohydrate Better

Doxycycline Monohydrate 100mg (per cap)

To get straight to the point: doxycycline hyclate and monohydrate are equally effective from a medical standpoint. So if youre concerned one wont work as well as the other, rest easy.

That said, one practical area to scrutinize is price. It turns out that the price of these two doxycycline molecules have been particularly volatile in the past and prices can still be quite a bit different.

According to GoodRx.com, a prescription comparison site, the average retail price of a commonly used monohydrate version is about 50 percent lower than the average retail price of the comparable hyclate version.

That said, the prices youd pay at some pharmacies may be similar and, what’s more, we’ve even seen wholesale prices with hyclate being the cheaper of the two!

All of this is to say: the whole supply and demand thing is alive and well. Keep an eye on the price tag of doxycycline. You can always check with your provider about other available options if the price looks off.

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Doxycycline May Cause Side Effects Tell Your Doctor If Any Of These Symptoms Are Severe Or Do Not Go Away:

  • nausea
  • itching of the rectum or vagina
  • sore or irritated throat
  • chest pain
  • discoloration of permanent teeth

Doxycycline may cause other side effects. Call your doctor if you have any unusual problems while taking this medication.

If you experience a serious side effect, you or your doctor may send a report to the Food and Drug Administration’s MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online or by phone .

How Is Doxycycline Monohydrate Supplied

Doxycycline Capsules USP, 50 mg are light yellow to yellow powder filled in hard gelatin capsule shell having an opaque yellow cap and an opaque white body printed with 782 on cap with black ink and are supplied as follows:

NDC 50268-280-15 .

Doxycycline Capsules USP, 75 mg are light yellow to yellow powder filled in hard gelatin capsule shells having an opaque orange cap and an opaque white body printed with 706 on cap in black ink.

Doxycycline Capsules USP, 100 mg are light yellow to yellow powder filled in hard gelatin capsule shells having an opaque yellow cap and an opaque orange body printed with 707 on cap in black ink and are supplied as follows:

NDC 50268-281-15 .

For Institution Use Only. Dispensed in Unit Dose Package.

Storage

Store at 20° to 25°C . .

Dispense in a tight, light-resistant container as defined in the USP.

ANIMAL PHARMACOLOGY AND ANIMAL TOXICOLOGY

Hyperpigmentation of the thyroid has been produced by members of the tetracycline class in the following species: in rats by oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tetracycline PO 4, and methacycline in minipigs by doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline PO 4, and methacycline in dogs by doxycycline and minocycline in monkeys by minocycline.

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Interactions That Can Increase Side Effects

Taking doxycycline with certain medications raises your risk of side effects from these drugs. An example of a drug that could cause this type of interaction is:

  • Warfarin. Your doctor may decrease the dosage of your warfarin if you need to take it with doxycycline.

Disclaimer: Our goal is to provide you with the most relevant and current information. However, because drugs interact differently in each person, we cannot guarantee that this information includes all possible interactions. This information is not a substitute for medical advice. Always speak with your healthcare provider about possible interactions with all prescription drugs, vitamins, herbs and supplements, and over-the-counter drugs that you are taking.

Doxycycline oral tablet comes with several warnings.

Are There Any Drug Interactions I Should Be Aware Of

What is Doxycycline?

The following medications should be used with caution when given with doxycycline: oral antacids, avermectins, bismuth subsalicylate, kaolin, pectin, enrofloxacin, oral iron, penicillins, phenobarbital, sucralfate, and warfarin.

Be sure to tell your veterinarian about any medications that your pet is taking.

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Are There Any Potential Side Effects

The most common side effects include vomiting, diarrhea, and lack of appetite, and these signs may be eased by giving the medication with food. Increases in liver enzymes on bloodwork may also occur, more commonly in dogs than in cats.

This medication may also make your pets skin more sensitive to sunlight and therefore sunburn, especially of the hairless areas like the nose, eyelids, and ears is possible.

This short-acting medication should stop working within 24 hours, although effects can be longer in pets with liver or kidney disease.

More serious side effects include liver failure characterized by a yellowing of the skin, as well as seizures, bleeding, behavior changes, trouble swallowing, or an upset stomach when doxycycline has not been just given. Contact your veterinarian if any of these serious side effects occur.

Doxycycline: Uses Side Effects Dosage

Doxycycline is a versatile antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, acne, and more.

This article provides information about the uses, common side effects, proper dosage, and risks of this widely used medication.

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Why Is This Medication Prescribed

Doxycycline is used to treat infections caused by bacteria, including pneumonia and other respiratory tract infections certain infections of the skin or eye infections of the lymphatic, intestinal, genital, and urinary systems and certain other infections that are spread by ticks, lice, mites, infected animals, or contaminated food and water. It is also used along with other medications to treat acne. Doxycycline is also used to treat or prevent anthrax , in people who may have been exposed to anthrax in the air, and to treat plague and tuleramia . It is also used to prevent malaria. Doxycycline can also be used in people who cannot be treated with penicillin to treat certain types of food poisoning. Doxycycline is used only to treat pimples and bumps caused by rosacea . Doxycycline is in a class of medications called tetracycline antibiotics. It works to treat infections by preventing the growth and spread of bacteria. It works to treat acne by killing the bacteria that infects pores and decreasing a certain natural oily substance that causes acne. It works to treat rosacea by decreasing the inflammation that causes this condition.

Antibiotics such as doxycycline will not work for colds, flu, or other viral infections. Using antibiotics when they are not needed increases your risk of getting an infection later that resists antibiotic treatment.

Tetracyclines And Effect On Matrix Metalloproteinases And Cytokines

Doxycycline Capsules

In 2001, doxycycline was the first tetracycline approved for the inhibition of MMPs, and is now marketed under the tradename Periostat, a low-dose purportedly nonantibiotic formulation. Minocycline was the first tetracycline found to reduce collagenase activity220 in a number of different clinically relevant models of tissue destruction, and could also change prostaglandin and cytokine levels in vitro,221 affecting tissue remodeling systems and resorbtion processes. Tetracyclines can affect angiogenesis,222 modulate cell invasion and migration,223 and alter cellular metabolism in fibroblasts,224 all through modulating levels of MMP activity. The tetracyclines can also scavenge peroxynitrite, affecting inflammation processes and decreasing secondary effects of tissue damage.225

Since the initial description of their anti-MMP activity the tetracyclines have found activity in a broad variety of cellular enzymes implicated in inflammation and tissue degradation diseases. A partial list of the MMP and inflammatory activities reported of minocycline, doxycycline, and the 4-dedimethylamino tetracyclines is shown in Table 2, and represents a selective compilation relevant to chemotherapeutic areas and medicinal chemistry.

Eric Scholar, in, 2007

Claudia A. Garay-Canales, … Georgina I. Lopez-Cortes, in, 2021

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How K Health Can Help

Do you have questions about your doxycycline prescription? Did you know you can get affordable primary care with the K Health app?

to check your symptoms, explore conditions and treatments, and if needed text with a doctor in minutes. K Healths AI-powered app is HIPAA compliant and based on 20 years of clinical data.

K Health articles are all written and reviewed by MDs, PhDs, NPs, or PharmDs and are for informational purposes only. This information does not constitute and should not be relied on for professional medical advice. Always talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of any treatment.

K Health has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references.

Dosage For Malaria Prevention

Adult dosage

Generic immediate-release, Doryx, and Acticlate:

  • Typical dosage: 100 mg daily. Begin therapy 1 to 2 days before travel to the area with malaria. Continue daily treatment for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

Doryx MPC:

  • Typical dosage: 120 mg daily. Begin therapy 1 to 2 days before travel to the area with malaria. Continue daily treatment for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

Child dosage

Generic immediate-release, Doryx, and Acticlate:

  • Typical dosage: 2 mg/kg once daily, up to the adult dose. Begin therapy 1 to 2 days before travel to the area with malaria. Continue daily treatment for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

Doryx MPC:

  • Typical dosage: 2.4 mg/kg once daily, up to the adult dose. Begin therapy 1 to 2 days before travel to the area with malaria. Continue daily treatment for 4 weeks after leaving the area.

Child dosage

It has not been confirmed that this drug is safe and effective for use in children younger than 8 years.

Senior dosage

Your doctor may start you on a lowered dosage or a different schedule. This can help keep levels of this drug from building up too much in your body.

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Indications And Usage For Doxycycline Monohydrate

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain effectiveness of doxycycline capsules, USP and other antibacterial drugs, doxycycline capsules, USP should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.

Doxycycline capsules, USP are indicated for the treatment of the following infections:

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever and the typhus group, Q fever, rickettsialpox, and tick fevers caused by Rickettsiae.

Respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.

Lymphogranuloma venereum caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Psittacosis caused by Chlamydophila psittaci.

Trachoma caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, although the infectious agent is not always eliminated as judged by immunofluorescence.

Inclusion conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Uncomplicated urethral, endocervical or rectal infections in adults caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Nongonococcal urethritis caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum.

Relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis.

Doxycycline capsules, USP are also indicated for the treatment of infections caused by the following gram-negative microorganisms:

Plague due to Yersinia pestis.

Animal Pharmacology And Animal Toxicology

Doxycycline

Hyperpigmentation of the thyroid has been produced by members of the tetracycline class in the following species: in rats by oxytetracycline, doxycycline, tetracycline PO4, and methacycline in minipigs by doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline PO4, and methacycline in dogs by doxycycline and minocycline in monkeys by minocycline.

Minocycline, tetracycline PO4, methacycline, doxycycline, tetracycline base, oxytetracycline hydrochloride and tetracycline hydrochloride were goitrogenic in rats fed a low iodine diet. This goitrogenic effect was accompanied by high radioactive iodine uptake. Administration of minocycline also produced a large goiter with high radioiodine uptake in rats fed a relatively high iodine diet.

Treatment of various animal species with this class of drugs has also resulted in the induction of thyroid hyperplasia in the following: in rats and dogs , in chickens and in rats and mice . Adrenal gland hyperplasia has been observed in goats and rats treated with oxytetracycline.

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Before Taking This Medicine

You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to doxycycline or other tetracycline antibiotics such as demeclocycline, minocycline, tetracycline, or tigecycline.

To make sure doxycycline is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

  • liver disease

  • increased pressure inside your skull or

  • if you also take isotretinoin, seizure medicine, or a blood thinner such as warfarin .

If you are using doxycycline to treat chlamydia, your doctor may test you to make sure you do not also have gonorrhea, another sexually transmitted disease.

Taking this medicine during pregnancy may affect tooth and bone development in the unborn baby. Taking doxycycline during the last half of pregnancy can cause permanent tooth discoloration later in the baby’s life. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or if you become pregnant while using this medicine.

Doxycycline can make birth control pills less effective. Ask your doctor about using a non-hormonal birth control to prevent pregnancy.

Doxycycline can pass into breast milk and may affect bone and tooth development in a nursing infant. The extent of absorption is unknown. Do not breastfeed while you are taking this medicine.

Children should not use this medicine. Doxycycline can cause permanent yellowing or graying of the teeth in children younger than 8 years old.

Doxycycline Monohydrate Dosage And Administration

THE USUAL DOSAGE AND FREQUENCY OF ADMINISTRATION OF DOXYCYCLINE DIFFERS FROM THAT OF THE OTHER TETRACYCLINES. EXCEEDING THE RECOMMENDED DOSAGE MAY RESULT IN AN INCREASED INCIDENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS.

Adults

The usual dose of oral doxycycline is 200 mg on the first day of treatment followed by a maintenance dose of 100 mg/day. The maintenance dose may be administered as a single dose or as 50 mg every 12 hours. In the management of more severe infections , 100 mg every 12 hours is recommended.

Pediatric Patients

For all pediatric patients weighing less than 45 kg with severe or life-threatening infections , the recommended dosage is 2.2 mg/kg of body weight administered every 12 hours. Children weighing 45 kg or more should receive the adult dose .

For pediatric patients with less severe disease , the recommended dosage schedule is 4.4 mg per kg of body weight divided into two doses on the first day of treatment, followed by a maintenance dose of 2.2 mg per kg of body weight . For pediatric patients weighing over 45 kg, the usual adult dose should be used.

The therapeutic antibacterial serum activity will usually persist for 24 hours following recommended dosage.

When used in streptococcal infections, therapy should be continued for 10 days.

Administration of adequate amounts of fluid along with capsule and tablet forms of drugs in the tetracycline class is recommended to wash down the drugs and reduce the risk of esophageal irritation and ulceration.

Inhalational anthrax

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What If I Forget To Take It

If you forget to take a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it’s nearly time for your next dose. In this case, just leave out the missed dose and take your next dose as normal.

Never take 2 doses at the same time. Never take an extra dose to make up for a forgotten one.

If you often forget doses, it may help to set an alarm to remind you. You could also ask your pharmacist for advice on other ways to remember your medicines.

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